Paracycling

Athletes have an increase in muscle tension and a reduced ability of a muscle to stretch caused by damage to the central nervous system.

Example:

Cerebral palsy, traumatic brain injury, stroke, multiple sclerosis

Athletes have uncoordinated movements caused by damage to the central nervous system

Example:

Cerebral palsy, traumatic brain injury, stroke, multiple sclerosis, spinocerebellar ataxia, Friederichs’ ataxia.

Athletes have continual slow involuntary movements

Example:

Cerebral palsy, traumatic brain injury, stroke

Athletes have total or partial absence of bones or joints as a consequence of trauma or illness or congenital limb deficiency

Example: 

Traumatic amputation, amputation due to bone cancer, dysmelia.

Athletes have a health condition that either reduces or eliminates their ability to voluntarily contract their muscles in order to move or to generate force.  

Example:

Spinal cord injury (complete or incomplete, tetra-or paraplegia or paraparesis), muscular dystrophy, brachial plexus injury, Erb’s palsy, post-polio syndrome, spina bifida, Guillain-Barre syndrome.

Athletes have a difference in the length of their legs as a result of a disturbance of limb growth, or as a result of trauma.

Athletes have a restriction or a lack of passive movement in one or more joints.

Example:

Arthrogryposis, contracture resulting from chronic joint immobilization or trauma affecting a joint.

Athletes have reduced, or no vision caused by damage to the eye structure, optical nerves or optical pathways, or visual cortex of the brain.

Example:

Retinitis pigmentosa, diabetic retinopathy, Red Cone dystrophy, macular degeneration, congenital cataracts

This sport class include athletes with amputations, impaired muscle power, or range of motion, and impairments affecting coordination, such as ataxia and athetosis.

C1 sports class is allocated to athletes with the most severe activity limitation, the C5 sport class is allocated to athletes who meet the minimum impairment criteria. 

Due to impairments affecting their balance and coordination, they ride a tricycle to increase stability.

The sport class T1 is allocated to athletes with more significant coordination problems or loss of muscle power than athletes competing in sport class T2.

Cyclists with a visual impairment race tandem with a sighted cycler (pilot) in front.

Cyclists in this sport class must meet the criteria as set out in the B3 profile described above to compete, therefore B1, B2 and B3 athletes compete together in one event.

For athletes with impairments affecting either both legs or a combination of the upper and lower limbs (amputees, paraplegics and tetraplegics). H1-4 all compete in a lying position whereas H5 compete in a kneeling position.